Shyam S. Biswal
Professor
Departmental Address
E7624
Research and Professional Experience
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“Our laboratory is focused on discovering novel mechanisms of host defense that determine immunobiology and pathobiology of COPD and other environmental lung diseases to develop experimental therapeutics for their prevention and intervention in a susceptible population”.
Exposure to environmental toxicants and stressors such as cigarette smoke, indoor/outdoor air pollutants, respiratory bacteria/viruses and allergens causes oxidative/nitrosative stress, inflammation, and cell injury and is associated with diverse pulmonary disease states. In response to environmental stressors, cells activate transcription factor Nrf2 in lungs that confers host defense by upregulating multitude of cytoprotective genes. Suboptimal or inappropriate host defense predisposes to inflammation, oxidative/nitrosative stress and cell injury and thus play a critical role in determining susceptibility to various diseases. Decline in the Nrf2 pathway is associated with the progression of COPD and other lung diseases. We are developing molecular understanding of the host defense factor Nrf2 that upregulates stress response transcriptional program and protects against a range of pathological processes (oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis) in environmental diseases such as COPD. A novel approach for prevention and intervention of COPD and other environmental lung diseases by augmenting Nrf2 is underway.
Keywords
Environmental Health Sciences, cigarette smoke, lung diseases, inflammation, cancer, genomics, proteomics, COPD, emphysema, asthma, sepsis, environmental genomics, stress response
